A spinal surgeon consulting with a New Jersey woman about her spinal condition

Definition

What is a Spinal Fracture?

A spinal fracture is a break in one or more of the bones that stack up to form your spine, called vertebrae. Not all breaks are the same, and the type matters a great deal for how it gets treated.

  • Compression fractures: the front of a vertebra collapses a little, like a box pressed down on one corner. These are the most common type and usually come from osteoporosis.
  • Burst fractures: the vertebra breaks in several places at once from a hard impact, and fragments of bone can push back toward the spinal canal.
  • Fracture-dislocations: the bones break and shift out of position. These are unstable and often come with nerve injury.
  • Pathologic fractures: bone already weakened by a tumor, by cancer that has spread, or by infection gives way under normal load.

Some of these heal well with time and support. Others need surgery to hold the spine in place and protect the nerves. Telling them apart is the entire point of the workup.

How do you know if you have a Spinal Fracture?

Symptoms depend on where the fracture sits and whether the spinal cord or nearby nerves are affected.

Weakness in a limb and any loss of bladder or bowel control are the ones to act on fast. Both point to possible nerve or spinal cord involvement, which means you need to be seen right away, not next week.

  • Sudden, sharp back or neck pain
  • Pain that worsens when you move and eases when you lie still
  • Loss of height, or a visible curve or hump forming in the back
  • Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the arms or legs
  • Changes in bladder or bowel control in severe injuries
  • Tenderness right over the spot that broke
  • Trouble standing or walking

Causes

What are the common causes of Spinal Fractures?

The cause usually points toward the treatment, so it’s one of the first things we sort out.

  • Trauma, such as car accidents, falls, and sports injuries
  • Osteoporosis, the most common cause in older adults
  • Spinal tumors or cancer that has spread to the bone
  • Infections that weaken the vertebrae
  • High-impact sports and hard falls
  • Long-term steroid use, which can thin the bone over time

The force it takes varies a lot with age. In younger people, a spinal fracture usually takes real force.

In older adults with osteoporosis, it can take almost none, sometimes just a minor stumble.

A New Jersey man, who is experiencing neck pain after a car accident.

When to reach out

When should you seek care for a Spinal Fracture?

Some spinal fractures are emergencies. If you’ve had a serious injury and now feel numbness, weakness in your arms or legs, or any change in bladder or bowel control, go to the ER right away.

These can be signs that the spinal cord or nerves are involved, and they shouldn’t wait.

How do we diagnose Spinal Fractures?

A good diagnosis has to pin down two things: where the fracture is, and whether it’s stable enough to heal without surgery. We use a few tools together to find out.

  1. Physical exam and history: we focus on how the injury happened and check for tenderness, deformity, and any nerve symptoms.
  2. X-rays: a quick first look that shows the location and rough shape of the fracture.
  3. CT scan: a detailed view of the bone that reveals burst patterns and fragments an X-ray can miss.
  4. MRI: the clearest look at the soft tissues, ligaments, nerves, and spinal cord. It can also tell a fresh fracture from an old one.
  5. DEXA scan: a bone-density test we order when osteoporosis is the likely cause, because treating the weak bone matters as much as treating the break.

How do we treat Spinal Fractures?

Treatment follows the diagnosis. Once we know the fracture type, how stable it is, and whether nerves are involved, the path is usually clear.
New Jersey spine doctor evaluating a patient's back and neck.

01

Assessment and stabilization

The first step is deciding whether the fracture is stable and whether any nerves are at risk. That single judgment drives every decision that follows. A stable compression fracture and an unstable burst fracture are very different problems, even when the pain feels much the same to the patient.
A New Jersey man wearing a back brace to help with spinal issues.

02

Conservative care for stable fractures

Many stable fractures heal without surgery. We may use a brace to support the spine while it mends, along with pain management and a slow, guided return to activity. Healing usually takes several weeks to a few months. Even then, we keep watch with follow-up imaging, because a fracture that heals in a crooked position can cause trouble later.
New Jersey nurse reassuring a patient prior to spinal surgery.

03

Surgical stabilization

Surgery makes sense when a fracture is unstable, when bone or swelling is pressing on nerves, or when conservative care hasn’t worked. The goal is to hold the spine in the right position and take pressure off the nerves so they can recover. We favor minimally invasive techniques whenever the fracture allows it.

Common procedures that we perform to treat Spinal Fractures

The right procedure depends on the fracture type and what the imaging shows.

Anterior & Lateral Lumbar Fusion

Anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) and lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) are techniques that access the lumbar spine through the front or side of the body rather than through the back.

Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion

Considering an anterior cervical discectomy and fusion in New Jersey? Learn how the procedure works, who may be a candidate, and what to expect before and after surgery.

Lumbar Microdiscectomy / Laminectomy

Considering a lumbar microdisectomy or laminectomy in New Jersey? Learn how the procedure works, who may be a candidate, and what to expect before and after surgery.

Can we treat your Spinal Fracture?

We treat the full range of spinal fractures: fresh trauma, fractures that were missed or undertreated elsewhere, and the osteoporotic fractures that become so common later in life. The Jey Institute provides spinal fractures treatment New Jersey residents can reach from across the region.

You may be a candidate for evaluation if:

  • You have a confirmed spinal fracture and need a surgical opinion
  • Your fracture is unstable, or comes with numbness or weakness
  • You have an osteoporotic compression fracture that might benefit from a minimally invasive procedure
  • You were referred for a second opinion, or have a complex case involving a tumor or infection
Profile picture of Dr. Shiveindra Jeyamohan, MD. Spinal surgeon in New Jersey.

Dr. Shiveindra Jeyamohan, MD.

Chief Surgeon & Medical Director

Meet the clinical lead

Why choose the Jey Institute to treat your Spinal Fracture

At the Jey Institute, we treat spinal fractures with the least invasive approach the injury allows, using microscopic and minimally invasive techniques to stabilize the spine while sparing healthy tissue.

We build each plan around the fracture type, your bone health, and your goals, and we follow the healing with imaging to confirm the spine mends in the right position.

  • 5,000+ Patients served
  • 2,000+ Spine surgeries performed

Common questions about Spinal Fractures

Will my fracture heal on its own?

Often, yes. Many stable fractures heal with time and support. The catch is that they need to be watched closely to make sure they heal in the right position. If a fracture sets with the spine bent out of shape, that deformity can cause real problems down the road, so follow-up imaging matters even when surgery isn’t needed.

Can osteoporotic fractures recur?

Yes, especially if the osteoporosis itself goes untreated. Fixing one fracture doesn’t strengthen the rest of the bone, so managing the underlying bone loss is a key part of preventing the next one.

How long do I need to wear a brace?

For most stable fractures, about three to four months. The exact time depends on the fracture and how well it’s healing on your follow-up scans.

What is kyphoplasty and am I a candidate?

Kyphoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure for painful osteoporotic compression fractures. We inject bone cement (called PMMA) into the fractured vertebra to stabilize it and relieve the pain. Good candidates usually have a recent compression fracture that’s still painful despite rest and medication, and the only way to know for sure is an evaluation with imaging.

When is surgery necessary?

Surgery becomes necessary when a fracture won’t heal on its own, when the deformity is getting worse, when nerves are involved, or when the pain stays severe despite other treatment. Any one of those can be reason enough.

Spinal Fracture treatment nearby

We see patients for spinal fracture treatment across our New Jersey locations, including people dealing with fresh injuries, osteoporotic fractures, and complex cases sent for a second opinion.

Real reviews from our past patients

We’ve been serving spinal care patients for the past 2 decades. Hear what they have to say about their experience.

“Dr. J was attentive, listened to me and showed that he truly cared about my problems. He explained in details and offered me expert opinions. I love that he treats patients as individual and truly listens.”

Bernice

Patient • from Healthgrades

“After being unhappy with my spine surgeon, I found Dr. J. He explained exactly what was wrong with me, made a game plan, and had his team help out in scheduling. Once he found where the problem was, he got me scheduled, did excellent work, and I was home in a couple days. The scar is WAY SMALLER than my original surgery, which wasn’t even as big! He really is a minimally invasive expert and my recovery was way faster!”

Eddie

Patient • from Healthgrades

“I’ve had 5 different operations on my back in the last decade. Dr. J did number 6. His scar was the smallest, least amount of pain, and for the first time after any surgery I went home the same day. Maybe I’m just getting used to surgery lol!”

Steve W.

Patient • from Healthgrades

“No doubt in my mind Dr. Jeyamohan saved my life.”

Steven C.

Patient • from Healthgrades

“Thank You from the bottom of my heart for getting my active lifestyle back- I’m so happy with the outcome- thank u for being honest about the pain I would experience in the first month of recovery- your bedside manner in the hospital was excellent – your PA Andrea was amazing as well- I would recommend Evergreen Health to everyone and my team of docs was super- Thank U Dr J, Dr Nora, and Dr Ting!! Feels amazing to be standing tall with great posture everyday I’m getting stronger”

Michelle G.

Patient • from Healthgrades

“Kind and thorough. Top quality and felt safe throughout.”

Verified Patient

Review from Healthgrades

“Took the time to explain my pictures and what was wrong with me, and gave me many different options. Answered every single one of my questions and even a few over the phone. Went home the same day and on my way to a full recovery! Office is clean, bright, and everyone was super friendly and helpful! Andrea his assistant has been a treasure!”

Verified Patient

Review from Healthgrades

“Incredibly thorough, took his time to explain and answer all my questions. Gave me plenty of options. I probably visited with him three or four times before committing to surgery, never once did he rush me. Saw me every day in the hospital, walked with me. I’m so thankful I had the surgery with him. I saw two other spine surgeons who didn’t even want to take on such a complicated operation but Dr. J did incredible work and I’m back to walking on my own! I don’t even need a cane anymore”

Verified Patient

Review from Healthgrades

“First, the office was not good. Getting an appointment, scheduling, paperwork, was a nightmare. But once I got in to see Dr. J, it was smooth sailing! He got me the tests I needed, talked to me about treatment options, and helped me set up an injection. We talked about different surgeries, got me scheduled, did great work, and made sure I had follow-up appointments. I’m back to the farm ahead of schedule and back to work. If only I could have got in to see him sooner.”

Verified Patient

Review from Healthgrades

“I have to be honest here and own up. I saw three different spine surgeons and was worried “Dr. Jey” as everyone calls him was too young. I went with someone else who fused three levels in my back. I did horribly with lots of complications. After getting over all my issues, I swallowed my pride and went back to Dr. Jey. He never made me feel bad and graciously took a look at everything, ordered more tests, and showed me what was going on. Bad news, he says he couldn’t undo the fusion. Worse news, it’s now an even bigger operation to fix, and he was honest and said the best we can do is try to get me…”

Verified Patient

Review from Healthgrades

“My experience was excellent. Dr J is very knowledgeable explained everything in a simplified way that made me very comfortable. His staff went above and beyond answer any question I had No matter what the question was. I can’t thank Dr J and his staff enough For helping me get through this spine Injury.”

Jim D.

Patient, 54 • from Google

“I am a 45 year old male who led an active lifestyle when a back injury changed my life. I went from working and being active with my 4 children to suddenly I couldn’t make any movement without excruciating pain. The type of pain I can’t even explain in words. I went to see Dr. Jeyamohan on the referral of my sister who is a physician as well. When I walked into the office the team had already looked at my MRI and explained to me in honest terms that we had an emergency situation on our hands and that delaying surgery was simply not an option. Dr. Jeyamohan Made calls and got me scheduled for emergency back surgery right…”

Eric F.

Patient, 45 • from Google